Perhaps more disturbing is the fact that the 11 warmest years globally since 1856 have occurred in the last 15 years.
- 1998 & 2005 (joint),
- 2002 & 2003 (joint),
- 2001,
- 1997,
- 1995,
- 1990 & 1999 (joint),
- 1991 & 2000 (joint).
Climate change affects people and nature in countless ways, and it often increases existing threats that have already put pressure on the environment.
But it is not a problem which has appeared overnight – it's 30 years since scientists first alerted the world to the dangers of climate change. How much longer are we going to allow it to continue?
The change in nature has serious implications for people and our economic system. The insurance industry puts potential economic damage caused by global warming impacts at hundreds of billions of dollars each year.
We need to stay below 2°C...
To avoid dangerous climate change the global temperature should not get any more than 2°C (3.4°F) warmer than it was at pre-industrial times (around 1800).
It has already been shown that 2°C would bring with it a set of devastating impacts to coral reefs, arctic systems and local communities. The Earth cannot afford to go above this.
...and this means rapidly cutting greenhouse gas emissions far below current levels.
We must start reducing emissions now and stay on a low emissions track to avoid loading the atmosphere with too much CO2. In scientific terms this means staying well below a CO2 concentration level of 450ppm (parts per million) in the atmosphere.